When I was a kid, almost every government building, post office etc was a fallout shelter, as were multiple schools and churches. Everywhere you looked the little fallout shelter signs were posted on various buildings. Sometime in the early 70's there was a big news story about how these things were set up in the late 50's-early 60's then left there. In many cases, supplies were inadequate and the little survival crackers were invariably moldy or infested with bugs and rodents. I suppose it is a good thing that, by the Grace of God, we never actually needed them.
We were taught to duck under our desks at school in case of nuclear attack. Even as a young kid I had enough common sense to wonder who the heck thought that would protect you from a nuclear blast!
Funny thing is, nowadays with all manner of nuclear material, bombs, missles etc just "missing" from the former USSR and with rogue terrorist states like Iran and N. Korea developing nuclear capability, it would seem that the risk is higher now than ever before of a nuclear attack. The M.A.D. (mutual assured destruction) technique of avoiding a nuclear attack worked against the former Soviets but will only work against an enemy that realistically fears it's own destruction. When you are facing mad men who will blow themselves up just to get a few of us, or fancys themselves as some sort of god, well then, all bets are off.
Anyway, you still occasionally see one of those old signs on buildings that has never been removed.